We calculate the electric flux through each element and integrate the results to obtain the total flux. Electric flux measures how much the electric field 'flows' through an area. What happens if the electric field isn’t uniform but varies from point to point over the area ? Or what if is part of a curved surface? For a non-uniform electric field, the electric flux dΦ E through a small surface area d A is given by: Φ = E x A x cosφ (electric flux for uniform E, flat surface) We generalize our definition of electric flux for a uniform electric field to: This is for the area perpendicular to vector E. For a uniform electric field E passing through an area A, the electric flux E is defined as: Gauss’s law states that the net electric flux through any hypothetical closed surface is equal to 1/ε 0 times the net electric charge within that closed surface.Įlectric flux depends on the strength of electric field, E, on the surface area, and on the relative orientation of the field and surface. The electric field E can exert a force on an electric charge at any point in space. It is a way of describing the electric field strength at any distance from the charge causing the field. Gauss’s law involves the concept of electric flux, which refers to the electric field passing through a given area. In electromagnetism, electric flux is the measure of the electric field through a given surface, although an electric field in itself cannot flow. In its integral form, Gauss’s law relates the charge enclosed by a closed surface (often called as Gaussian surface) to the total flux through that surface. Gauss law states that the total flux linked within a closed surface is equal to the 1/0 times the total charge enclosed by that surface. The SI unit of electric flux is voltmeters and the electric flux formula is E E.
The net flux of a uniform electric field through a closed surface is zero.In electromagnetism, Gauss’s law, also known as Gauss’s flux theorem, relates the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field. The total electric flux out of a closed surface equals the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity. To quantify this idea, Figure 6.4(a) shows a planar surface A+0+0+0+0=0.
The area that the electric field lines penetrate is the surface area of the sphere of. Again, flux is a general concept we can also use it to describe the amount of sunlight hitting a solar panel or the amount of energy a telescope receives from a distant star, for example. Electric Flux: Example What is the electric flux through a sphere that has a radius of 1.00 m and carries a charge of +1.00 µ♜ at its centre Solution: The electric flux is required () EEAA 55 EE 8.99 x 10 99x 1 x 10-66/ 12 EE 8.99 x 10 33N/C. Similarly, the amount of flow through the hoop depends on the strength of the current and the size of the hoop. As you change the angle of the hoop relative to the direction of the current, more or less of the flow will go through the hoop. The numerical value of the electric flux depends on the magnitudes of the electric field and the area, as well as the relative orientation of the area with respect to the direction of the electric field.Ī macroscopic analogy that might help you imagine this is to put a hula hoop in a flowing river. The derivation of the eddy current loss formula gives in-depth overview of the factors on which eddy current loss depends.The formula of the eddy current loss(P) is as given below. Figure 6.3 The flux of an electric field through the shaded area captures information about the “number” of electric field lines passing through the area. The various factor like magnetic flux density, frequency, electrical properties of the material and thickness of the laminated sheets affect the eddy current loss.